The Liberty Cap Half Cent, minted between 1793 and 1797, holds a special place in American numismatic history. As one of the earliest coins produced by the United States Mint, it reflects the young nation’s artistic and political aspirations.
Today, collectors eagerly seek these rare coins, with each year and variety offering unique stories and challenges.
1793 Liberty Cap Half Cent
The inaugural 1793 Liberty Cap Half Cent features Liberty facing left, adorned with a Phrygian cap, a symbol of freedom. Approximately 35,334 pieces were minted, making it a coveted item among collectors. Its historical significance and limited mintage contribute to its desirability.
1794 Liberty Cap Half Cent
In 1794, the design was modified to depict Liberty facing right, with a larger head and finer details. The mintage increased to about 81,600 coins. However, many surviving specimens exhibit wear, and those in higher grades are particularly scarce.
1795 Liberty Cap Half Cent
The 1795 issue introduced a smaller head design, resulting in a cameo-like appearance. Two notable varieties exist: the “Punctuated Date,” where the date appears as “1,795,” and the “No Pole” variety, missing the supporting pole for the cap. Both are highly sought after by variety collectors.
1796 Liberty Cap Half Cent
The 1796 half cent is among the most famous American rarities, with an estimated mintage of only 1,390 coins. Two primary varieties exist: the “No Pole” and the “With Pole.” The “No Pole” variety is particularly scarce, with perhaps only 20 known examples, making it a centerpiece in any collection.
1797 Liberty Cap Half Cent
The final year of the Liberty Cap series, 1797, saw several varieties, including differences in edge designs—plain, lettered, and gripped. The “Low Head” variety, where Liberty’s portrait is set lower on the coin, is of particular interest to collectors due to its unique appearance.
| Year | Mintage | Notable Varieties | Approximate Value (Good Condition) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1793 | 35,334 | None | $2,000–$3,000 |
| 1794 | 81,600 | None | $600 |
| 1795 | 139,690 | Punctuated Date, No Pole | $500–$1,000 |
| 1796 | 1,390 | No Pole, With Pole | $5,000–$9,000 |
| 1797 | 127,840 | Low Head, Gripped Edge | $1,000–$2,000 |
Collecting Liberty Cap Half Cents offers a fascinating glimpse into early American coinage, with each year presenting unique challenges and rewards. Their rarity and historical significance make them treasured pieces for numismatists.
What makes the 1796 Liberty Cap Half Cent so rare?
The 1796 Liberty Cap Half Cent had an exceptionally low mintage of only 1,390 coins, and over time, many have been lost or damaged, leaving very few in existence today.
How can I identify the “No Pole” variety?
The “No Pole” variety lacks the supporting pole behind Liberty’s cap, a feature present in other designs. This omission is a key identifier.
Why are some 1795 half cents marked as “1,795”?
The “Punctuated Date” variety of 1795 features a comma-like mark after the “1,” resulting from a stray engraving tool mark, making it a distinctive and sought-after variety.
